Asthma: Types, Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis and Holistic Treatments

Do you ever feel like you’re running out of breath, your chest is tightening, and no matter what you do it just doesn’t seem to get any easier? We understand the frustration and limitations that come with asthma! You are not alone in this struggle!

Asthma is a long-term inflammatory respiratory disease that causes constriction of the airway. The constricted airway can lead to symptoms such as:

• Wheezing
• Chest Tightness
• Coughing
• Shortness of Breath

The symptoms of asthma can be so severe that they can cause a life-threatening attack that requires the use of a rescue inhaler to stop.

Living with asthma is a difficult challenge, and every year an increasing number of people face the same challenge. In a study on asthma prevalence in the USA, Dr. Cynthia Pate from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA, states “In 2021, 24.9 million people in the US (4.7 million children and 20.3 million adults, 7.7% of the population) had asthma.”

The unexpected flare-up, the terrifying feeling of not being able to breathe, and the reliance on inhalers and medication- it’s exhausting. But what if you could manage asthma symptoms naturally and regain control of your breathing without the constant fear of an asthma attack?

There is hope! Natural treatments can work to help you breathe easier and regain your freedom! At the Bay Clinic of Chiropractic, we know the power of the holistic approach to healing. We understand that asthma is not just about physical symptoms- it’s about how it impacts your daily life. 

That’s why, in this article we discuss a range of holistic treatment options such as diet, supplements, and herbal remedies, focusing on treating the root cause- by reducing inflammation, relieving stress, and improving overall lung function.

Keep reading to find out how to feel better, breathe easier, and get back to doing the things you love!

What is Asthma?

Asthma, also known as bronchial asthma, is a chronic respiratory disease that causes inflammation and narrowing of the airways which can make breathing difficult. 

When someone has asthma, their airways become inflamed and overly sensitive to certain triggers, such as allergens, exercise, cold air, or respiratory infections. In response to these triggers, the muscles around the airways can tighten, the lining swells, and extra mucus is produced which narrows the airways and obstructs the airflow. 

This airway obstruction can lead to recurrent wheezing episodes, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing. 

Types of Asthma

Asthma can manifest in several types, each with specific triggers and characteristics. Understanding the types of asthma can help in creating an effective treatment and management plan. Healthcare practitioners classify asthma in several ways based on severity, age of onset, and causes.

Asthma by severity can be:

• Intermittent: Symptoms occur less often, and they can come and go. People with intermittent asthma feel normal between asthma flares.
• Persistent: Symptoms are almost constant and range from mild, to moderate, and severe. Healthcare providers base the severity of asthma on how often you show symptoms, as well as how you handle the asthma attacks. 

Asthma can also present as:

• Adult-onset: This type of asthma develops in adulthood, over the age of 18. It can be triggered by environmental factors, such as allergens or respiratory infections, and can be harder to control.
• Pediatric: Pediatric asthma or childhood asthma, starts in childhood and can improve or disappear with age. Regarding the causes of pediatric asthma, Dr. Jenna M. Lizzo from Washington University, St. Louis, USA states “Asthma often occurs in childhood and is influenced by both genetics and environmental factors.”

Regarding the causes, asthma can be:

• Allergic Asthma: Also called atopic asthma, is the most common type of asthma, triggered by exposure to allergens. When allergens are inhaled, the immune system overreacts, leading to airway inflammation and asthma symptoms. Common triggers include pollen, dust mites, mold spores, and pet dander.
• Non-Allergic Asthma: Asthma triggered by exercise, stress, illness, weather, or other factors. 

Other types of asthma are:

• Exercise-Induced Asthma: Also known as exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), occurs when physical activity triggers airway narrowing. It often affects those with chronic asthma but it can also develop in people without other asthma symptoms. Common triggers include intense aerobic exercise, cold, dry air, choline (for swimmers), polluted environments (running outdoors in high-smog areas)
• Occupational Asthma: Triggered by workplace irritants, such as dust, chemicals, or fumes. People in certain professions, like construction or hairdressing, may be more at risk. In a study on occupational asthma, Dr. Angelica I Tiotiu from the University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France, states “Approximately 360 million people worldwide are affected and it is thought that up to 25% of adult-onset asthma is work-related.”
• Chronic Obstructive Asthma: Is more severe and persistent, often leading to permanent airway obstruction. It shares some characteristics with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and involves long-term airflow limitations. Common triggers are cigarette smoke, pollution, cold or dry air, and respiratory infections. 

What Are The Symptoms of Asthma?

Symptoms of asthma vary but they often include:

• Wheezing: A swishing or squeaky sound when breathing, especially on exhalation.
• Shortness of Breath: A feeling of breathlessness or difficulty taking deep breaths.
• Chest Tightness: A sensation of pressure or tightness around the chest.
• Coughing: Persistent coughing, often worse at night or early in the morning.

Signs of an Asthma Attack

An asthma attack is a sudden worsening of symptoms due to airway inflammation and tightening of the muscles around the airways. People experiencing an asthma attack may have difficulty using a rescue inhaler. 

In a study on severe asthma, Dr. Spyros Papiris from the Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece, states “Acute, severe asthma describes the serious asthmatic attack that places the patient at risk of developing respiratory failure, a condition referred to as status asthmaticus.”

Signs of an asthma attack are:

• Severe Wheezing: Louder, more frequent wheezing than usual.
• Extreme Shortness of Breath: Difficulty catching a full breath or speaking in full sentences.
• Rapid Breathing: Breathing becomes faster, and breaths feel shallow.
• Chest Tightness: Intense feeling of pressure in the chest or chest pain. 
• Coughing That Won’t Stop: A persistent cough that doesn’t improve with usual treatments. 
• Blue or Gray Lips or Fingernails: A sign of low oxygen levels which is an emergency.

These symptoms are the result of 3 things that happen in the body during an asthma attack:

• Bronchospasm: The muscles surrounding the airways tighten, causing them to narrow. This restriction makes it harder for air to move through the airways. 
• Inflammation: The lining of the airways swells, further narrowing the air passages and reducing the amount of air that can flow in and out of the lungs.
• Increased Mucus Production: The body produces extra thick music which can clog the airways and make breathing even more difficult.

What Causes Asthma?

The cause of asthma isn’t fully understood yet but scientists believe that asthma is a result of a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors such as respiratory infections, allergies, and weather conditions. These factors can make the airways more sensitive to certain triggers, leading to inflammation and airway narrowing. 

Here are the main factors that contribute to asthma:

• Genetics: In a study on the genetics of asthma, Dr. Simon F Thomsen from Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen NV, Denmark, states “Asthma runs in families, and children of asthmatic parents are at increased risk of asthma.”. If your parent or sibling has asthma or other allergic conditions, such as eczema or hay fever, it’s more likely that you may develop asthma.
• Environmental Factors: Exposure to certain environmental triggers can increase the risk of developing asthma, especially in childhood. Common environmental causes include allergies (pollen, dust, and pet hair), pollution (air pollution and exposure to smoke, including secondhand smoke), and chemicals and fumes.
• Respiratory Infections: Severe respiratory infections such as bronchitis or pneumonia during infancy or early childhood may affect lung development and increase the risk of asthma.
• Allergies and Atopic Conditions: Asthma is often associated with other allergic conditions like hay fever (allergic rhinitis) or eczema.
• Stress and Strong Emotions: Intense emotions or stress can trigger asthma symptoms by affecting breathing patterns and increasing inflammation.
• Weather Conditions: Weather changes, particularly cold or humid air, can worsen asthma symptoms.
• Physical Activity: In some cases, intense physical activity, especially in cold air can trigger asthma symptoms. 

How is Asthma Diagnosed?

Diagnosing asthma involves a combination of physical exams, medical history reviews, and specialized tests to evaluate lung function. Here are the main steps your healthcare provider might take to diagnose asthma:

• Take Medical History and Review Symptoms: Your healthcare provider will ask about your symptoms, their frequency, severity, and specific triggers of symptoms like coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath. They will ask about your family history of asthma, allergies, eczema, or other respiratory conditions. They will ask about your known allergies. 
• Physical Examination: Your healthcare provider will listen to your lungs for any abnormal sounds, and they will check for signs of allergic conditions on the skin.
• Lung Function Tests: Your healthcare practitioner will order pulmonary function tests such as spirometry, peak expiratory flow (PEF), or methacholine challenge test, to measure how well your lungs are working
• Allergy Tests: Because of the correlation of asthma with allergies, allergy testing may be recommended. 
• Imaging Tests: In some cases, a chest X-ray or a CT scan may be done to rule out other conditions like lung infections. 

Holistic Treatments for Asthma

Holistic treatments for asthma offer a complementary approach that addresses the body as a whole. These treatments focus on restoring balance to the body, boosting your immune system, and reducing environmental or emotional triggers that can worsen asthma symptoms.

At the Bay Clinic of Chiropractic in Panama City, Florida, we’re committed to helping you explore natural and effective options to improve your asthma. In the section below, you will learn about the holistic treatments that we recommend if you have asthma.

Functional Medicine for Asthma Treatment

Functional medicine practitioners work with patients to identify specific triggers and underlying causes that may contribute to asthma. They do a series of functional tests to determine how to proceed with your unique case, then craft a personalized plan tailored to your needs. 

Dr. Tony Salamay is an expert in Functional Medicine and has years of experience with conditions like asthma. His approach is multifaceted- using dietary changes, targeted supplements, and other lifestyle modifications. 

The functional medicine approach is a holistic way to support and balance the immune system, reduce chronic inflammation, and support detoxification to restore the body’s balance, improving health and overall well-being.

Functional Tests for Asthma

Functional medicine practitioners like Dr. Salamay will do functional tests to fund the underlying cause of asthma. Those might include:

• Food Sensitivity Testing
• Comprehensive Stool Analysis
• Environmental Toxicity Testing
• Allergy Testing and others

Dietary Changes

Dietary changes can support asthma management by reducing inflammation, supporting the immune system, and helping prevent asthma triggers. 

Including anti-inflammatory and nutrient-rich foods in your diet, may help lung health and reduce the severity of asthma symptoms. Similarly, avoiding specific foods that can exacerbate asthma or trigger inflammation may also be beneficial. The section below is a guide on foods that can support asthma management and foods that might worsen symptoms. 

Foods to Eat for Asthma

• Lean Proteins: Chicken, turkey, fish, and legumes support immune health and reduce inflammation.
• Healthy Fats: Olive oil, avocados, and flaxseed are anti-inflammatory and support lung health.
• Fruits and Vegetables: Apples, berries, carrots, tomatoes, and leafy greens provide antioxidants that help reduce inflammation.
• Whole Grains: Brown rice, oats, and quinoa offer fiber and help maintain stable blood sugar, reducing potential asthma triggers.

Foods to Avoid for Asthma

• Processed Foods: Fast food, packaged meals, and sugary drinks often contain additives that may trigger asthma symptoms.
• Dairy Products: Milk, cheese, and other milk products can increase mucus production in some people.
• Fried Foods: Fried and fatty foods can lead to inflammation, affecting breathing. 
• Artificial Additives: Preservatives, sulfates, and artificial colorings in processed foods can trigger asthma in some individuals.
• Common Allergens: Foods like peanuts, shellfish, and eggs may trigger asthma symptoms if there is sensitivity or allergy.

Supplements for Asthma Treatment

Certain supplements may support asthma management by reducing inflammation and supporting lung, and immune function. Here are our recommendations for beneficial supplements for asthma:

Omega-3 Fatty Acids

Omega-3 fatty acids are essential fatty acids that play a key role in reducing inflammation throughout the body. They can help lower airway inflammation which can reduce the frequency and severity of asthma symptoms. 

Omega-3s are found in fatty fish like salmon, mackerel, and sardines, as well as in flaxseeds, chia seeds, and walnuts. The daily dose ranges from 1000-3000 mg per day, usually taken as fish oil.

Magnesium

Magnesium is an essential mineral that helps with muscle relaxation, including the smooth muscles of the airways. It can reduce airway constriction, making breathing easier and potentially reducing asthma symptoms like wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath.

You can find magnesium in leafy greens, nuts, seeds, whole grains, and legumes. The daily dose can range from 200 to 400 mg per day.

Vitamin D

Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that plays a crucial role in immune function, and lung health. It may help reduce inflammation and improve immune response, potentially lowering the risk of asthma attacks, particularly in those with low vitamin D levels. 

You can find vitamin D in fatty fish, eggs, fortified dairy products, and through sun exposure. The daily adult dose for vitamin D ranges from 600 to 800 IU but the dose may vary depending on individual needs and your vitamin D levels. It’s best to consult with a professional to ensure that you are taking the correct dose.

Caffeine

Caffeine is a natural stimulant in coffee, tea, and other plants. It acts as a mild bronchodilator which can help open airways and ease breathing, similar to the effects of asthma medications.

You can get caffeine from coffee, tea, cocoa, and some energy drinks. The daily dose ranges of 100-200 mg, or one to two cups of coffee, can have short-term bronchodilator effects.

Herbal Remedies for Asthma Treatment

Herbal remedies are known for their anti-inflammatory and immune-supporting properties which can benefit people with asthma by reducing inflammation and easing breathing. Here’s a look at some helpful herbal remedies that can complement a holistic asthma management plan.

Ginger

Ginger contains compounds called gingerols and shogaols, that have anti-inflammatory and bronchodilator properties, helping to relax the muscles around the airways and ease breathing. Research suggests that ginger can inhibit enzymes that constrict airways, potentially reducing the intensity of asthma symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, and coughing.

You can use ginger fresh, powdered, or as a supplement. 

Garlic

Garlic has strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that may benefit asthma by reducing airway inflammation and boosting immune function. Garlic’s sulfur compounds can also act as natural bronchodilators, helping to open airways. Its immune-supporting properties may help reduce the frequency of asthma attacks triggered by respiratory infections.

You can use raw garlic, as it is most potent but you can also use it cooked in meals or as a supplement.

Turmeric

Turmeric is known for its powerful anti-inflammatory properties, largely due to its active compound- curcumin. Studies show that curcumin may help reduce airway restriction, improve lung function, and decrease the frequency of asthma attacks. 

You can add turmeric to meals, make tea, or take it as a supplement.

Chiropractic Care for Asthma Treatment

Chiropractic care focuses on nurturing the brain-body connections that play a role in nervous system function and managing asthma symptoms. Misalignments in the spine, known as subluxations, can interfere with the nervous system’s communication with the lungs. 

At the Bay Clinic of Chiropractic, Dr. Tony Salamay is an expert chiropractor with years of experience in the field and a passion for people looking for holistic treatments to better their health. 

Dr. Salamay can do chiropractic adjustments to correct misalignments in the spine. This can improve lung function, reduce airway inflammation, and enhance overall respiratory health. Additionally, an experienced chiropractor can adjust the joints of the ribs and spine, and enhance rib mobility and diaphragm function, making breathing easier. 

Breathing Techniques

Breathing techniques such as the Buteyko breathing technique, Papworth method, and others can help manage asthma, as they aim to improve breathing efficiency, reduce symptoms, and calm the respiratory system. Here are two methods that are beneficial for people with asthma:

Buteyko Breathing Technique

The Buteyko Breathing Technique is designed to reduce hyperventilation and improve breath control which can help alleviate asthma symptoms. This method focuses on shallow, nasal breathing and holding breaths to increase carbon dioxide (CO₂) levels in the blood.

It’s believed that higher CO₂ levels can help relax the airways, reduce bronchoconstriction, and ease asthma symptoms like wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath.

A typical Buteyko exercise involves taking slow, controlled breaths through the nose, holding the breath for a few seconds, then exhaling calmly. Consistent practice may help manage asthma symptoms by improving breath efficiency and reducing airway sensitivity. 

Papworth Method

The Papworth Method is a structured breathing technique that emphasizes diaphragmatic (belly) breathing and relaxation to improve respiratory control, making it particularly useful for those with asthma.

This method involves breathing slowly and deeply through the nose while focusing on expanding the diaphragm rather than the chest. Controlled exhalation and awareness of breath patterns help reduce hyperventilation and relieve stress.

Additionally, it incorporates gentle exercise and relaxation techniques to prevent shallow, rapid breathing during asthma episodes. Regular practice of the Papworth Method can improve overall breathing efficiency, helping to reduce symptoms like shortness of breath, and wheezing for asthma sufferers. 

Gentle Exercise

Low-impact exercise like yoga, walking, cycling, or swimming can help improve lung function, reduce stress, and strengthen respiratory muscles.

Stress Management

Stress and strong emotions can trigger or worsen asthma symptoms, therefore finding ways to manage stress is essential to the management of asthma. Here are our recommendations on stress management techniques.

Mindfulness

Mindfulness involves focusing on the present moment. Practicing mindfulness can reduce anxiety and promote relaxation which may help prevent asthma episodes. This technique includes mindful breathing and body scanning to release tension and encourage calmness.

Regular mindfulness practice can help lower stress levels, making it easier to manage asthma triggers. 

Meditation

Meditation is a powerful relaxation technique that calms the mind and helps control breathing. Practicing meditation can reduce stress-related asthma symptoms by promoting deep, steady breaths and reducing anxiety. 

Guided meditations, deep breathing exercises, or simple meditation sessions can improve breathing efficiency and overall emotional health, supporting asthma management. 

Frequently Asked Questions

Is Asthma Restrictive or Obstructive?

Asthma is an obstructive lung condition. It narrows the airways, restricting airflow due to inflammation and bronchoconstriction. This makes it hard to exhale fully which is different from restrictive lung diseases that primarily limit lung expansion.

Can Asthma Cause a Heavy Feeling in the Chest and Trouble Breathing?

Yes, asthma often causes a heavy, tight feeling in the chest, along with shortness of breath. These symptoms occur because of airway narrowing, inflammation, and mucus buildup, making it difficult to breathe and often triggering wheezing and coughing.

What Does Asthma Feel Like?

Asthma feels like tightness in the chest, difficulty breathing, wheezing, and coughing. During an asthma attack, breathing may become labored, and a feeling of air hunger can arise, making even small breaths feel inadequate or restricted.

How Does Asthma Affect the Respiratory System?

Asthma affects the respiratory system by inflaming the airways, leading to swelling, bronchospasm, and excess mucus production. These factors narrow the airways, restricting airflow in and out of the lungs and making breathing difficult, particularly during asthma attacks. 

Conclusion

Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease that causes symptoms of wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath triggered by multiple factors including allergies, cold air, and exercise. The symptoms can range from mild, to moderate, and severe depending on the frequency, and severity of the asthma attacks.

Living with asthma can be challenging but a holistic approach to management and treatment may provide support to improve this condition. Incorporation of certain dietary changes, supplements, herbal remedies, stress management, and breathing techniques can be a part of a personalized treatment plan from a functional medicine perspective. 

At Bay Clinic of Chiropractic, we are dedicated to supporting you in managing asthma through a holistic patient-centered approach. Dr. Tony Salamay is an expert in functional medicine and natural healthcare who has dedicated his life to helping people just like you! 

Dr. Salamay and his team offer expertise in personalized care, helping to alleviate discomfort, improve lung capacity, and reduce inflammation naturally.

To schedule a consultation with Dr. Tony Salamay, contact the Bay Clinic of Chiropractic at (850) 785-9372 or info@thebaydoctor.com.

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