Autism: Types, Symptoms, Causes, and Holistic Medicine Approaches

Are you seeking natural ways to support your child with autism? You are at the right place!

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurological and developmental disorder that affects millions of people, influencing their ability to connect and communicate with others. 

Whether you have a child already diagnosed with autism, or you are looking to evaluate your child- dealing with autism can be overwhelming. Understanding the signs and symptoms of autism can help you get a better idea of what to look for and how to deal with each situation. 

The signs and symptoms of autism vary greatly from individual to individual and can range from mild to severe. They usually present before the age of 3. Here are the most common signs of ASD to look for:

• Social Communication Difficulties
• Repetitive Behaviors
• Sensory Sensitivities
• Strong Attachment to Routines
• Delayed or Limited Speech and others

You may be wondering what causes autism in the first place however researchers have yet to discover the exact reason why autism exists and why it is so common today. In a 2023 scientific paper, Dr. Annio Posar from Bologna University, Bologna, Italy, states “This increase (in prevalence of autism) prompted a search for possible environmental factors whose effects would add up to a genetic predisposition leading to the development of autism.” 

This means that the causes are most likely complex, and multifactorial, and involve both genetics and the environment. As parents, there is little you can do about your child’s genetics however you can influence their environment and accommodate it to support their needs and enhance their function as best as possible. 

At the Bay Clinic of Chiropractic in Panama City, Florida we can support you and your child and guide you through the process of optimizing their health naturally. We know that a holistic approach goes beyond traditional treatments. Our methods focus on nurturing the whole person with individualized treatment plans tailored to meet the needs of each child.

In this article, we will discuss everything you need to know about autism spectrum disorder and how to support your child through it- the natural way! Keep on reading to learn about the power of holistic treatments for autism!

What is Autism?

Autism or Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), is a complex neurological and developmental disorder that affects how a person interacts with others, communicates, and behaves. ASD is characterized by a wide range of symptoms and levels of impairment, making it a spectrum disorder.

Individuals with autism may experience difficulties with social communication, repetitive behaviors, and sensory sensitivities, impacting their daily functioning and quality of life. 

In a recent study on autism spectrum disorder, Dr. Tomoya Hirota from the University of California, San Francisco, USA states “ASD affects approximately 2.3% of children aged 8 years and approximately 2.2% of adults in the US.”

This means that ASD affects 2 to 3 out of 100 children who are 8 years old, and around 2 out of every 100 adults. 

Autism is typically diagnosed in early childhood, with signs often observable by age 2. While the exact cause of autism is still under investigation, research suggests that the combination of genetic and environmental factors plays a role in its development. 

Types of Autism

Healthcare professionals use the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th edition (DSM-5) as a resource to diagnose autism spectrum disorder. 

According to the DSM-5 ASD can be classified into 3 categories based on the severity and support needed:

• High-Functioning Autism: Often considered a milder form of autism or Level 1 autism. High-functioning autism involves challenges primarily related to social communication and interaction. Individuals may have average or above-average intelligence and often function independently, though they struggle with social cues and emotional understanding.
  
  Traditionally, autism has been associated with low IQ and limited language skills, however in a study on high-functioning autism, Dr. Ludger Tebartz van Elst from the University Medical Center Freiburg, Germany states “ These are patients with normal language at a superficial level of description and normal and sometimes above average intelligence. In high-functioning variants of the disease, they may run unrecognized until late in adult life.”
• Level 2 Autism: People diagnosed with Level 2 autism need moderate support. They may experience significant challenges with social communication and they may require help to manage daily activities and behaviors. While they may engage in social situations, they struggle to navigate these interactions effectively.
• Level 3 Autism: People with level three autism have the most severe form requiring substantial support. They often have profound communication difficulties and may exhibit intense repetitive behaviors. They typically need significant assistance in daily living skills and managing their environment. 

Before 2013, in the DSM-4, autism was classified into specific subtypes under the umbrella term Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDD). While this term is not used today, you can still find it in some literature. Understanding PDD may help you get an insight into autism diagnosis history. 

In this category were:

• Autistic Disorder:  Characterized by significant impairments in social interaction, communication,  and the presence of restrictive and repetitive patterns of behavior.
• Asperger’s Disorder: Individuals displayed significant difficulties in social interactions but had normal cognitive development and language skills. In a recent study on Asperger’s Syndrome, Dr. Seyed Alireza Hosseini from the Kern Medical Center, California, USA states “Ultimately, the DSM-5 removed PDD and its categorization and merged four subtypes into one category with a continuum named autistic spectrum disorders (ASD).” In the DSM-5 Level 1 ASD is equivalent to the Asperger’s Syndrome diagnosis.
• Pervasive Developmental Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS): This category was used for individuals who met some but not all criteria for autistic disorder or Asperger’s disorder. 
• Childhood Disintegrative Disorder (CDD): A rare condition where children develop normally for the first few years but then lose acquired skills in social, communication, and motor skills. 
• Rett Syndrome: A genetic disorder that primarily affects girls and involves a period of normal development followed by a loss of purposeful hand skills and social skills. 

Signs and Symptoms of Autism

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) manifests through a variety of signs and symptoms that affect social interaction, communication, and behavior. While symptoms can vary widely from person to person, they generally fall into two main categories:

Social Communication Challenges

• Difficulty understanding and responding to social cues, such as facial expressions or tone of voice.
• Challenges in initiating or maintaining conversations.
• Limited use of gestures, such as pointing or waving. 
• Difficulty in developing and maintaining relationships, including making friends.

Repetitive Behavior and Restricted Interests

• Engaging in repetitive movements or speech, for example hand-flapping, rocking, and repeating phrases.
• Insisting on following routines and becoming upset when routines are disrupted.
• Intense focus on specific interests or topics, sometimes to the exclusion of everything else.
• Sensory sensitivities, such as being overly sensitive to light, sounds, textures, or other sensory inputs. 

What Are The Signs of Autism in Childhood?

Early signs of autism can be observed as early as infancy. Identifying these signs can lead to an earlier diagnosis and intervention, which can significantly improve outcomes. Common signs of autism in childhood include: 

• Delayed Speech Development: Not speaking as expected by age milestones.
• Limited Use of Language: Using only single words or repeating phrases rather than engaging in conversations. 
• Lack of Nonverbal Communication: Limited eye contact, facial expressions, or gestures.
  
  Historically, there have been assumptions that people with autism are indifferent and apathetic to faces and eye contact. However, recent studies show that they may be hypersensitive, and therefore avoid eye contact. 

 In a study on reduced eye contact in autistic children, Dr. Nicole Stuart from the University of Western Australia, Australia states “Importantly, the eye avoidance hypothesis appears more consistent with the lived reality of many people on the autism spectrum, who often report that eye contact is a source of stress and anxiety.” 

• Difficulty in Understanding Social Cues: Struggling to interpret or respond to social situations properly.
• Limited Interest in Playing with Peers:  preferring solitary play or engaging in parallel play rather than interactive play.
• Lack of Shared Enjoyment: Not showing interest in sharing experiences, such as pointing out objects or showing excitement about achievements.
• Repetitive Movements: Engaging in head hand flapping, spinning, or rocking particularly when excited or upset.
• Strong Attachment to Specific Objects: Having a fixation on particular toys, items, or interests and sometimes carrying them everywhere. 
• Fixation on Routines: Becoming distressed when routines are changed.

Other Characteristics

Most individuals with autistic spectrum disorder can have a range of additional characteristics that can influence their daily lives and interactions. These characteristics can vary widely in the presence and severity, contributing to the overall complexity of autism.

Here are some of the most commonly observed traits and challenges associated with ASD: 

• Delayed Language Skills
• Delayed Motor Skills
• Hyperactive, Impulsive, and Inattentive Behavior
• Epilepsy or Seizure Disorder
• Unusual Sleeping and Eating Habits
• Gastrointestinal Issues
• Unusual Emotional Reactions
• Anxiety and Depression

What Causes Autism?

The exact cause of autism is still a mystery however scientists believe that a mix of genetic factors and environmental factors play a role. In this section, we will discuss these factors.

Genetic Factors

• Inherited Traits: Autism can run in families. This means that if someone has autism, their siblings or children have a higher risk of having ASD too. 
• Specific Genes: Researchers have found certain genes that are connected to the development of autism. These genes play a role in brain development and communication between brain cells. Changes or mutations in these genes can affect how the brain works, which can lead to behaviors linked to autism.
• De Novo Genetic Mutations: Sometimes, autism can happen due to new genetic changes that occur for the first time in a person and are not inherited from their parents. These changes, known as de novo mutations, can happen in the early development of the baby in utero and can affect how the brain develops.
• Multiple Genes: Autism is not caused by just one gene, it’s likely influenced by many different genes working together. 

Environmental Factors 

• Prenatal Influences: Factors during pregnancy, such as infections, parental age, and exposure to certain medications (e.g. some anti-seizure medications) have been associated with increased risk of autism. Conditions like gestational diabetes or complications during pregnancy also play a role.
  
  In a study on the risk of autism after exposure to anti-seizure medications, Dr. Sonia Hernández-Díaz from the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, states “The incidence of autism spectrum disorder was higher among children prenatally exposed to the studied antiseizure medications than in the general population.”
• Birth Complications: Certain complications during birth, such as low birth weight, premature birth, or oxygen deprivation, have been linked to a higher risk of developing autism. 
• Toxic Exposures: Environmental toxins, such as heavy metals, pesticides, and air pollutants, have a potential role in increasing the risk of developing autism. Prenatal exposure to these toxins may interfere with normal brain development.
• Nutritional Factors: Maternal nutrition during pregnancy may influence autism risk. Some studies suggest that deficiencies in essential nutrients like folic acid or other nutrients may be linked to an increased risk of ASD.
• Parental Factors: Advanced parental age, particularly that of the father, has been associated with a higher risk of autism in children. Older parents may have a higher chance of having a child with autism, possibly due to age-related changes in their genes.

Is Autism Genetic?

Yes, Autism has a strong genetic basis. Research shows that many genes contribute to its development, and it often runs in families. While environment can influence outcomes, genetics play the major role in increasing the likelihood of autism. 

Holistic Treatments for Autism

Holistic treatment for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) involves natural and non-invasive approaches that aim to support the person as a whole and restore system balance.

Dr. Tony Salamay from the Bay Clinic of Chiropractic is an expert in holistic approaches to healthcare. He and his dedicated team use personalized plans to guide you and your loved ones to balance and health.  

Dietary Changes for Autism Treatment

Dietary adjustments are a common holistic approach used to support individuals with ASD.  Although diet alone cannot cure autism, some people with autism and their families find that certain foods and nutrients can help improve focus, reduce behavioral symptoms, and support overall health.

Consuming a balanced diet plays a vital role in holistic treatment. Additionally, many people with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have food sensitivities like difficulty digesting gluten or consuming dairy products. In these cases, nutritional support and guidance are essential to avoid other gastrointestinal issues. 

Research by Dr. Richard Hartman from Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA states “A few approaches, such as the gluten-free/casein-free diet, fatty acid supplementation, and pre/probiotics have generally demonstrated improved GI and associated behavioral symptoms.”

Dr. Tony Salamay is an experienced holistic medical professional with a Master’s in Human Nutrition, who takes into consideration recent research and implements it in a natural, non-invasive way. To get nutritional guidance from Dr. Tony, contact the Bay Clinic of Chiropractic in Panama City, Florida at (850) 785-9372 or info@thebaydoctor.com.

Here’s a look at some dietary changes that will help people with autism, including foods to eat and foods to avoid. 

Foods to Eat for Autism

• Lean Protein: Chicken, turkey, eggs, and legumes, provide essential amino acids that can help support brain function and growth. 
• Whole Grains: Brown rice, quinoa, and oats provide study energy and contain fiber, which supports healthy digestion. Fiber can help reduce GI issues like constipation, which is common in people with autism.
• Antioxidant-Rich Fruits and Vegetables: Blueberries, strawberries, raspberries, leafy greens like spinach and kale, and carrots are high in antioxidants. Antioxidants are compounds that protect the cells from damage. They can support the immune system and reduce inflammation. 
• Probiotics and Fermented Foods: Yogurt, kefir, sauerkraut, and kombucha can help support gut health by promoting good bacteria in the digestive system. Research suggests that gut health can impact behavior and mood, and probiotics may help reduce GI issues. 
• Omega-3 Fatty Acids: It is found in foods like salmon, flax seeds, chia seeds, and walnuts. Omega-3s are known to support brain health and reduce inflammation. Research suggests that omega-3 fatty acids can help the management of autism symptoms.

Foods to Avoid for Autism

• Gluten: It is a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye. Some people with autism are sensitive to gluten, which can cause digestive issues or worsen behavioral symptoms. For those individuals, a gluten-free diet may help reduce gastrointestinal discomfort and improve focus.
• Dairy: Milk, cheese, and yogurt contain a protein called casein, which some people with autism may have trouble digesting. Removing dairy from the diet, known as a casein-free diet can sometimes lead to improvements in behavior and digestion. 
• Processed and Sugary Foods: Foods high in added sugars and processed ingredients can lead to energy crashes and mood swings. These foods often lack essential nutrients and may worsen hyperactivity or impulsive behaviors in some individuals with autism. 
• Artificial Additives: Artificial food dyes, preservatives, and flavors are common in packaged foods and may contribute to behavioral issues. 
• High-Fructose Corn Syrup: It is a sweetener found in many sodas and processed foods, and it can increase blood sugar levels quickly, which can lead to energy spikes and crashes. This can affect mood and focus, making it helpful to limit it in the diet.

Supplements 

Supplements can be a helpful addition to a holistic approach to supporting individuals with ASD. Certain nutrients can support brain function, behavior, and digestion. It’s important to note that before starting any new supplement you need to consult with a professional to ensure safety and effectiveness.

Here are some commonly recommended supplements:

Omega-3 Fatty Acids

Omega-3s are important for brain health and they are found naturally in fatty fish like salmon, walnuts, and flax seeds. A typical recommended daily dose is around 1000 mg, though this can vary with age and individual needs.

Magnesium

Magnesium is important for muscle relaxation and nervous system function, magnesium can be found in leafy greens, nuts, and seeds. Research suggests that low magnesium in cells is linked with hyperactivity in children with autism, and therapeutic magnesium supplementation can help in these cases. The dose for children and adults generally ranges from 80 to 420 mg, depending on age, and health conditions.

Vitamin B6

Vitamin B6 plays a role in neurotransmitters, such as serotonin. Vitamin B6 can be found in foods like chicken, fish, potatoes, and bananas. Studies show that combination therapy of B6 and magnesium has beneficial results in children with autism. Recommended daily intake ranges from 1 to 2 mg for children and up to 2.4 mg for adults.

Probiotics and Digestive Enzymes

Probiotics help maintain healthy gut bacteria and can be found in yogurt, kefir, and sauerkraut. Digestive enzymes, which aid in nutrient absorption, are naturally present in foods like pineapple and papayas. Daily probiotic doses are usually around 1 to 10 billion CFUs, Well digestive enzyme needs vary widely and doses should be guided by a healthcare professional.

Mind-Body Integration

Mind-body integration approaches, like mindfulness, yoga, music, and art therapy, offer gentle, holistic support for individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). These practices help with handling emotions, understanding and responding to sensory experiences, and self-expression.

Mindfulness and Yoga

Mindfulness and yoga are practices that encourage mindful breathing, movement, and focus can help reduce stress and anxiety, improve attention, and support physical coordination. Yoga can help calm the nervous system, and create a sense of balance and relaxation.

Music and Art Therapy

Music and art therapy are creative therapies that provide non-verbal outlets for self-expression, helping individuals process emotion and connect with others in ways other than verbal communication. Music therapy can improve social engagement and communication, while art therapy can help with sensory exploration and regulation of emotion.

Chiropractic Care for Autism Treatment

Chiropractic care for individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) takes a whole-body approach, aiming to support the nervous system and overall well-being. Multiple case studies show promising results for the chiropractic care approach for individuals with autism. This approach can include gentle adjustments, massage, and other manual therapy to help reduce physical tension and improve sensory issues. 

Dr. Tony Salamay from the Bay Clinic of Chiropractic in Panama City, Florida is an expert Chiropractor with years of experience. His natural approach includes correcting issues in the connection between the brain and the rest of the body, which can help with cognitive function, emotional, and sensory issues as well as muscle tension. 

Functional Medicine Approaches

Functional medicine offers a personalized, holistic approach to supporting individuals with autism by addressing underlying issues that may influence behavior, mood, and overall health. 

Dr. Tony Salamay is a Functional Medicine and Functional Neurology practitioner who treats patients with an individualized approach, compassion, and great expertise in the area. 

He uses specialized testing to assess metabolic function, nutrient deficiencies, genetic markers, and hormone levels. This individualized approach allows targeted interventions that address the person’s unique issues.

He offers nutritional support and guidance, as many people with autism experience gastrointestinal issues, like constipation or bloating. By incorporating dietary changes, supplements, digestive enzymes, and probiotics he aims to support gut health, as it is closely related to brain health. A personalized, anti-inflammatory diet is often a part of a functional medicine plan for individuals with autism.

Functional medicine also considers environmental exposures to toxins, such as heavy metals or other chemicals, which may affect neurological function. Functional medicine practitioners, like Dr. Salamay can guide you through detoxification strategies that can support your body’s natural detoxification paths. 

Frequently Asked Questions

How Does a Child With Autism Behave?

Children with autism often display repetitive behaviors, have difficulty with social interactions, and may show intense focus on specific interests. They might struggle with communication, and eye contact, and may react strongly to sensory stimuli like sounds or textures. 

What Is the Best Lifestyle for Autism?

The best lifestyle for autism includes regular routines, a sensory-friendly environment, activities promoting social interaction, physical interaction, and balanced nutrition. A structured lifestyle that incorporates these activities may help manage symptoms of autism effectively. 

What Does Level 1 Autism Look Like?

Level 1 autism, also known as “high-functioning autism”, involves mild symptoms, and individuals might need minimal support, often showing social challenges. People with level 1 autism may often have difficulty with back-and-forth conversation or understanding social cues, yet can live independently with some adjustments. 

What Age Does Autism Show?

Autism signs can appear as early as 18 months, although diagnosis often occurs between the ages of 2 and 4. Early symptoms might include limited social engagement, delayed language repetitive movements, or a lack of interest in typical childhood activities. 

Can a Child With Autism be Normal?

Children with autism can lead fulfilling lives and develop skills for independence, especially with early intervention. Their “normal” might differ from yours however focusing on their unique strengths and interests can enable them to function well in supportive environments and communities. 

Conclusion

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex condition that affects social interaction, communication, and behavior. 

ASD can present with a variety of signs and symptoms that can vary widely among individuals. While the exact causes of autism remain unclear, research points to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. 

Holistic treatment and functional medicine approaches provide valuable support for individuals with autism by addressing their unique needs. Functional medicine approaches this condition with individualized biochemical testing and treatment plans. 

They offer nutritional support by implementing dietary changes, nutritional supplements, mind-body integration practices, and chiropractic care while supporting detoxification and hormone regulation.

At the Bay Clinic of Chiropractic in Panama City, Florida we understand the challenges that autism presents and are dedicated to providing personalized, holistic care tailored to each individual’s needs. To schedule an appointment, contact us at (850) 785-9372 or info@thebaydoctor.com.

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